What is an example of a conditional statement?

A conditional statement is a fundamental programming construct that allows the execution of specific blocks of code based on whether a certain condition evaluates to true or false. In this case, an if-else statement serves as a prime example of a conditional statement because it explicitly defines two paths: one for when the condition is true (where a particular block of code is executed) and another for when it is false (where a different block of code can be executed).

The ability to branch based on conditions is essential in programming for controlling the flow of logic, enabling applications to respond dynamically to different situations. This makes the if-else statement a crucial tool for implementing decision-making processes within a piece of software.

In contrast, other options like a for loop are focused on iteration rather than decision-making, a function call is about executing a predefined set of operations, and variable declaration is simply about allocating memory and setting up data storage. These do not inherently involve conditions or branching logic in the way that an if-else statement does.